Which organization requires surface water to have pretreatment, pre-disinfection, and terminal disinfection?

The correct answer is TCEQ, which stands for the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. This organization is responsible for enforcing regulations and standards relating to water quality in Texas, including the treatment of surface water.

In Texas, surface water sources typically require a series of treatment processes to ensure that the water is safe for public consumption. This includes pretreatment, which serves to remove larger particles and contaminants before further treatment steps are taken; pre-disinfection, which aims to reduce the microbial loads before the final disinfection stage; and terminal disinfection, which is the last step in the treatment process to eliminate any remaining pathogens, ensuring the water is safe for drinking.

The other organizations listed, while they play critical roles in public health and safety, do not specifically mandate these treatment processes for surface water in the context of Texas regulations. The EPA sets national standards which may include similar requirements, but the TCEQ is the specific regulatory authority in Texas that addresses the detailed requirements regarding surface water treatment processes.