Most groundwater is relatively free of suspended matter, but what can be a major problem in surface water?

Turbidity is a significant concern for surface water because it refers to the cloudiness or haziness of the water caused by the presence of suspended particles, such as silt, clay, organic matter, and microorganisms. In surface water bodies, factors like rainfall, runoff, and erosion can introduce these particles into the water, making it turbid. High turbidity can disrupt photosynthesis in aquatic plants, decrease oxygen levels, and harm aquatic organisms by clogging their gills.

While pollution, algal blooms, and heavy metals are also important issues affecting surface water quality, turbidity specifically pertains to the clarity and visibility of the water, which is directly impacted by the amount and type of suspended solids present. Understanding turbidity is essential for water treatment processes, as it can affect pathogen removal and treatment efficiency in various water treatment systems.